In this episode, we delve into the fascinating world of :0, a newly recognized essential fatty acid, and its implications for longevity and health. Our guest, a leading expert in the field, Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson shares her insights into the discovery and significance of C15:0, drawing connections between human health and findings from dolphin studies.

Get Special Discounts: https://fatty15.com/JILLCARNAHAN  and fatty15.com/SFBWGJP7

Key Discussions:
① The Discovery of C15:0
👉 C15:0 is identified as the first essential fatty acid discovered in over 90 years, crucial for maintaining baseline health.
👉 The discussion highlights the historical shift away from full-fat dairy, leading to a decline in C15:0 levels in the population.

② C15:0 and Longevity:
👉 The episode explores the cell membrane pacemaker theory of aging, emphasizing the role of stable fatty acids in extending lifespan.

③ C15:0 is shown to activate AMPK and inhibit MTOR, pathways associated with longevity.
👉 Health Benefits of C15:0

④ C15:0 is linked to lowering inflammation, repairing mitochondria, and improving gut health. 👉 Clinical trials indicate that increasing C15:0 levels can improve liver enzymes, gut microbiome, and reduce LDL cholesterol.

⑤ C15:0 in Disease Prevention:
👉 Higher C15:0 levels are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers.
👉 The molecule helps stabilize cell membranes, preventing oxidative stress and cellular damage.

📌Practical Applications and Future Research:
👉 The potential for C15:0 to be a game-changer in dietary supplements and its role in preventing chronic diseases is discussed.
👉 Ongoing research and global studies continue to validate the essential nature of C15:0.

📌Resources:
✅ Links to studies and further reading on C15:0 and its health benefits.
✅ Information on how to test for C15:0 levels in the blood

​👩🏻‍⚕️ Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson

Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson is a veterinary epidemiologist with over eighty peer-reviewed scientific publications and seventy patents. Stephanie discovered the health benefits of C15:0 while working for the US Navy to continually improve the long-term health of Navy bottlenose dolphins. While seeking to understand why some dolphins were aging at healthier and slower rates than others, Stephanie applied an advanced technology called metabolomics on archived dolphin serum to discover which molecules predicted the healthiest aging dolphins. Here, she discovered C15:0 as a healthy saturated fatty acid. Upon completing eight key studies over three years, she presented C15:0 as the first essential fatty acid to be found in almost 100 years.

C15:0 fatty acid, essential fatty acid, longevity nutrient, AMPK activation, MTOR inhibition, healthy aging, Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson, fatty15, dolphin health research, cell membrane health, mitochondrial repair, gut microbiome, liver enzyme, heart health, cancer prevention, cellular aging, metabolomics, saturated fatty acids, fatty acid blood test, anti-aging, C15:0

Watch the full episode with Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson here: https://youtu.be/dHmAlH4hv2A

Dr. Jill Carnahan, MD

Dr. Jill Carnahan is Your Functional Medicine Expert® dually board certified in Family Medicine for ten years and in Integrative Holistic Medicine since 2015. She is the Medical Director of Flatiron Functional Medicine, a widely sought-after practice with a broad range of clinical services including functional medical protocols, nutritional consultations, chiropractic therapy, naturopathic medicine, acupuncture, and massage therapy.

As a survivor of breast cancer, Crohn’s disease, and toxic mold illness she brings a unique perspective to treating patients in the midst of complex and chronic illness. Her clinic specializes in searching for the underlying triggers that contribute to illness through cutting-edge lab testing and tailoring the intervention to specific needs. 

A popular inspirational speaker and prolific writer, she shares her knowledge of hope, health, and healing live on stage and through newsletters, articles, books, and social media posts! People relate to Dr. Jill’s science-backed opinions delivered with authenticity, love and humor. She is known for inspiring her audience to thrive even in the midst of difficulties.

Featured in Shape Magazine, Parade, Forbes, MindBodyGreen, First for Women, Townsend Newsletter, and The Huffington Post as well as seen on NBC News and Health segments with Joan Lunden, Dr. Jill is a media must-have. Her YouTube channel and podcast features live interviews with the healthcare world’s most respected names. 

The Podcast

The Video

The Transcript – Overview

Overview

• Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson discovered C15:0 (pentadecanoic acid) while working with Navy dolphins, revealing it as a key predictor of healthy aging in dolphins, with chronic health issues affecting one in three older dolphins.
• C15:0 is the first essential fatty acid identified in 90 years, meeting criteria for essentiality as the body cannot synthesize enough, and must be obtained through diet.
• The study, published in Scientific Reports 2020, used metabolomics technology to analyze dolphin serum and confirmed C15:0's anti-inflammatory benefits compared to pro-inflammatory even-chain saturated fats.
• Dietary fat sources of C15:0 are primarily from dairy, with current average C15 levels in the population at 0.2%, a drop attributed to the 1977 shift towards non-fat milk.
• Sardinians, known for their longevity, have C15:0 levels 2-3 times higher than average due to their consumption of grass-fed dairy.
• C15:0 deficiencies lead to cellular fragility and ferroptosis, a newly recognized form of cell death, which is linked to accelerated aging and various diseases.
• The Navy requested a pure C15:0 supplement, leading to the development of the vegan-friendly Fatty15 supplement, which is 100% bioavailable.
• Clinical trials indicate that C15 supplementation can improve liver enzymes, gut microbiome health, and reduce LDL cholesterol within 12 weeks.
• C15:0 meets all seven longevity nutrient criteria established by Dr. Nicholas Schork, showing benefits

Notes

🐬 Discovery of C15:0 Through Dolphin Research (00:00 – 09:21)

• Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson discovered C15:0 (pentadecanoic acid) while working with Navy dolphins in San Diego for 20 years
• Navy has maintained population of ~100 bottlenose dolphins for over 60 years, with dolphins living 40-50 years vs 20 years in wild
• Two dolphins turning 60 years old this year – unprecedented longevity
• Used metabolomics technology to analyze thousands of small molecules in archived dolphin serum
• C15:0 was top predictor of healthy aging dolphins, not omega-3s as expected
• One in three older dolphins developed chronic inflammation, high cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, iron overload, and Alzheimer's-like changes

🧬 C15:0 as First Essential Fatty Acid in 90 Years (09:22 – 19:06)

• C15:0 is an odd-chain saturated fatty acid with 15 carbons and no double bonds
• Provides cellular membrane stability while being anti-inflammatory, unlike even-chain saturated fats (C14, C16, C18) which are pro-inflammatory
• Met criteria as essential fatty acid – body cannot make enough, must obtain from diet for baseline health
• Published in Scientific Reports 2020 after 8 studies over 3 years with Dr. Ed Dennis
• Metabolomics analyzes hundreds to thousands of small molecules in blood vs standard panels with dozens
• Dolphins provided clean data set – no smoking, drinking, controlled diet of fish only

🥛 Dietary Sources and Population Deficiency (19:07 – 28:22)

• Primary source is dairy fat – C15:0 used as biomarker for dairy fat consumption for decades
• 1977 Congressional recommendations moved Americans from whole fat to non-fat milk
• Population-wide C15:0 levels declined due to fat-free movement of 1970s-80s
• Average person today has 0.2% C15:0 of total fatty acids in blood (5 micrograms/ml)
• Sardinians (longevity zone) have 2-3x higher C15:0 levels from grass-fed goat/sheep cheese
• Grass-fed animals have twice as much C15:0 as grain-fed; high-altitude grass increases C15:0 even more
• Minor sources include salmon and fiber-fed gut microbes producing small amounts

🔬 Cellular Protection and Ferroptosis Prevention (28:22 – 38:03)

• C15:0 deficiency causes cellular fragility leading to ferroptosis – new form of cell death discovered 2012
• Ferroptosis accelerates aging and increases onset/progression of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, fatty liver, cognitive decline
• C15:0 strengthens cell membranes, prevents leaky gut syndrome, and protects against toxin absorption
• Helps repair epithelial barriers in gut and skin, preventing toxins from entering bloodstream
• Reduces lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress – key biomarkers of aging and disease
• More needed today due to increased toxic load compromising cellular barriers

💊 Supplement Development and Testing (38:03 – 47:35)

• Navy requested pure C15:0 supplement to avoid food limitations and allergies
• Fatty15 supplement is vegan-friendly, pharma-grade, 100% bioavailable free fatty acid form
• Made by adding carbon to plant-based C14 to create pure C15:0
• Avoids competition with pro-inflammatory fats found in dairy (40% of milk fat fatty acids)
• C15:0 testing available through Genova Nutrival panel, Omega Profile, or at-home blood spot test
• Commercial labs increasingly including C15:0 but must specifically request it
• Clinical trials show improvements in liver enzymes, gut microbiome, LDL cholesterol, red blood cell health within 12 weeks

⏳ Seven Criteria for Longevity Nutrients (21:34 – 25:55)

• C15:0 meets all seven criteria established with Dr. Nicholas Schork (NIH longevity consortium head)
• Activates AMPK and inhibits mTOR – same pathways as rapamycin and metformin
• Addresses 4-6 hallmarks of aging including inflammation, mitochondrial repair, gut dysfunction
• Lowers red blood cell distribution width (RDW) – biomarker of biological aging
• Shows clinically relevant benefits within months, not just theoretical longevity
• Meta-analyses show higher C15:0 levels associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, colorectal/breast cancers, fatty liver
• Safe for long-term use as essential nutrient present from birth

Transcript

00:00
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Hey everybody. Welcome to Resiliency Radio, your go to podcast for the most cutting edge insights integrative and functional medicine. I'm your host, Dr. Jill and with each episode we dive into the heart of healing and personal transformation. Join us as we interview renowned world leaders in medicine, thought leaders and life changers of all types and backgrounds. Today you are in for such a treat. I've been looking forward to this interview for a very long time and today I'm going to be interviewing Dr. Stephanie Venn Watson about her new book the Longevity Nutrient. And we're going to be talking about this very cool essential fatty acid, one of the first ones developed in or discovered in over 90 years. It's called fatty 15. And I want to be sure and just mention this. I'll introduce her in just a moment. 

00:45
Dr. Jill Carnahan
But this is so fascinating. The study, the science and it all has to do with a story about dolphins. So stay tuned to this episode to learn more. And I'm going to mention this now and at the end of the show but if you want to know about this you can go to fatty15.com backslash Jill Carnahan to get a special discount. They are partnering with us to give you guys a discount if you're interested in learning more after hearing this episode. So stay tuned. Now before I go to introducing our guest, I just want to mention if you have not yet seen the documentary Dr. Jill movie.com I'm sorry doctor patient movie.com is where you can find that. It is now streaming free on YouTube and Tubi and it is on Amazon Prime. Listen share it with friends. 

01:29
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Hopefully it'll be an encouraging for you. And then also as you know by now, Dr. Jill health.com you can find all sorts of health and beauty products. My Dr. Jill Beauty line for anti aging, clean skin care and all kinds of nutrients that may support you with chronic infection, illness, Lyme disease, mast cell activation disorder and anything else you might be struggling with. So check that out@doctor Jill health.com okay, so let me introduce Dr. Stephanie. Dr. Stephanie Ven Watson is a veterinary epidemiologist with over 80 peer reviewed scientific public and 70 patients. Stephanie discovered the health benefits of C15:0. We're going to talk about this today. While working for the U. S Navy to continually improve the long term health the Navy bottlenose dolphins in San Diego. 

02:15
Dr. Jill Carnahan
While seeking to understand why some of the dolphins were aging at a healthier and slower rate than others, she applied an advanced technology called metabolomics on archive dolphin serum to discover which molecules protected the healthiest aging dolphins. Here she discovered this C15:0chain fatty acid as a healthy satur fat and off. After completing 80 key studies over three years, she presented this as the first essential fatty acid to be found in, like I said, 90 years. This is amazing. It's really fascinating to hear the story. So stay tuned as we join Stephanie. Dr. Stephanie, I am so excited to be here with you. I was telling you right before we started that I had heard about fatty 15 and some of the research when you first came out. And I was like desperate because I thought this is so groundbreaking. 

03:03
Dr. Jill Carnahan
And at the time you weren't really working with physic lot. I mean, you're just starting the company, right? So I was so excited when we got to connect and like, I really want to share your story. It's like one of those things that's maybe one of the most profound discoveries in the deck this decade. I don't know, but it's pretty big and it's pretty interesting and I'm fascinated by it. Let's go back to where this all started. You're a veterinary doctor and you were working with dolphins. Tell us the story about the dolphins and how you came to discover the C50. 

03:32
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, absolutely. I mean, I've got the dolphin card, right, so we gotta use it. So, yeah, I'm a veterinary epidemiologist and was recruited by the Navy Dr. Jill about 24 years ago now and to help continually improve the health and welfare of older Navy dolphins. And I thought, oh, this is going to be so fun. I'm going to go to San Diego, spend a couple of years and then go back to being a public health epidemiologist. And I ended up being there for 20 years. And the Navy, a lot of people don't know. They've taken care of a sustained population of about 100 bottlenose dolphins for over 66. 0 years, which is amazing. They live in San Diego Bay and they go out into the open ocean every day and every day they choose to come back. 

04:22
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
So it really says a lot with regard to that. These dolphins enjoy where they are and because of their good care, we found, you know, that Navy dolphins live a lot longer than dolphins in the wild. In the wild, they live to about 20 years old. At the Navy, Dr. Jill. They're now living into their 40s and 50s. And there are two dolphins this year that are turning 60 years old. 

04:46
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Wow, that's amazing. 

04:48
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, it's pretty amazing. So I was just there a couple weeks ago and got that Amazing news. And so because dolphins were living longer over a decade of studies, we then came to understand that about one in three older dolphins developed chronic inflammation, high cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, iron overload, and even the full suite of changes consistent with Alzheimer's, which we actually just published about three weeks ago. So we use this advanced technology called metabolomics to look at thousands of small molecules to see what, which ones in their serum, their archived serum and their all fish diet predicted the healthiest aging dolphins. And that's where, you know, we thought it would be omega threes because all they eat are fish. And instead it was this odd chain saturated fat, C15:0 was the top predictor of healthy aging dolphins. 

05:49
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
So it was a big surprise. 

05:51
Dr. Jill Carnahan
That's what I, and there's so many things I want to go into. But this was what fascinated me because I had never even heard of C15:0. Right. And when I looked back, the cool thing is as a functional doctor, I've been testing for that. On certain tests we can talk about like how a function is, a doctor or a patient might get that tested, but you can actually test this in the blood. So it's something that we can know as humans. But first, let's talk about dolphins and humans. So many of our human studies are mice, right? Mice are really not that much like humans. But when you describe the chronic diseases of dolphins, it sounds a lot like what we're seeing in clinical practice. 

06:22
Dr. Jill Carnahan
So why is this a specifically really unique and great population study for the data that we've gotten for humans? 

06:29
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, it's a great point that you're making, which is, you know, we're. It initially sounds surprising to hear that dolphins and humans have so much in common, but when you think about large brained, long lived mammals and even though we aren't evolutionarily similar, like, you know, we didn't just branch off the tree close to each other, we have evolved in similar ways to survive, to be able to produce, readily produce lots of glucose that our big brains need to be able to live beyond our reproduction years. So there are these similar tools that evolution has enabled really like in a fascinating way, right. For both dolphins and humans, which then results in, we get, you know, live long enough to be able to get the chronic aging associated diseases. 

07:23
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
While like you were pointing out in mice, you really, they don't live long enough to get these diseases naturally, so you have to induce them. And so once you're inducing a disease versus letting it happen over decades, we've cured all kinds of diseases in mice that we haven't cured in people. And that's just because we're really missing that core natural pathophysiology of how we age. So dolphins provided this amazing insight. And what's great is that all this research was funded by the Office of Naval Research to help the dolphins. So, you know, it was a great win, you know, story. 

08:00
Dr. Jill Carnahan
This was so fascinating. It's like you're in this. I love these stories of serendipity where you're on this mission to help the dolphins and you're there and it's probably a really inspiring and neat thing to do because it really is. Who doesn't love dolphins? And just the joy and like, they've got a playful heart. Like, I just love seeing them in the wild and seeing them, you know, so it's kind of a neat thing because most people do have experience of the child watching them at a show or maybe going to a aqu and seeing them. And it's just, it's a really special thing or even like, I've been in Mexico, other places, and it's so joyful to see them. So there's this really neat connection to dolphins in that way. And here you are doing your work and then out of this. 

08:38
Dr. Jill Carnahan
And how did that. So you were studying what factors in their diet led to longevity. Is that how it all started? And then you're trying to pinpoint which pieces made the biggest difference. 

08:49
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, that's right. And so were, you know, a lot of serendipity here. Right. So just the fact that we just happened to be working with dolphins had come from the human health realm. So it was, you know, thinking about both. The other was that, you know, we, that the test, this metabolomics test had just become, you know, available in kind of like in using a third readily available, third independent party that could run and test, you know, hundreds to thousands of small molecules at a relatively low cost. Right. So it was a great time. And then we had this very clean data set where we have. The Navy had the foresight of archiving serum, if you can imagine, like on patients. Right. 

09:33
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
If you had archived serum on your patients that go back to when they were born and they routinely took blood from your patients, you know, every month and they archived it all. And that developed. 

09:45
Dr. Jill Carnahan
So were able to perfect data set. 

09:47
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Exactly. So we could look for trends, then we could then associate with the, you know, avoid if the animals had passed. We then had their tissues and we could say, gosh, they had fatty liver disease or had Alzheimer's and that then which small molecules in their blood predicted. Really, we focused on what predicted not having these conditions because we wanted to look for, if we can increase levels of these healthy molecules, then can we, you know, make a lot of progress with regard to preventing and even treating some of these aging associated conditions? 

10:20
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Sense. Okay, that makes so much sense. For those listening who don't know what metabolomics maybe describe just a brief tutorial on that and why that data is important. And then I want to talk about the C chains and why, like, what does that mean with fatty acids? And then we can dive into the longevity about, you know, nutrients. 

10:36
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, that sounds great. So when we, you know, when you go to your doctors, when people go to Dr. Joe, right. And then you take, you get your blood drawn and they take a routine panel. And so depending upon what doctor you go to, there might be anywhere between a dozen to three dozen. And functional. You guys can have a lot, right. So you can measure a lot of things. And all of these things are really chemicals within the blood and so that it helps provide indicators with regard to your liver health and your kidney health and your immune health. So we're used to that. So what metabolomics does, it's doing that same thing, but it's blowing it up to hundreds and thousands of these chemical of these small molecules that we have in our blood that we can measure. 

11:24
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
So we usually focus on a handful of things, but in reality, our blood carries lots of small molecules. And now, again, because these dolphins had such a clean profile, they don't smoke, they don't drink, all they eat are fish. Right. They have the same health care, very controlled population where then we could. It was like finding a needle in a needle stack. So it was just every thing that we found that was significantly associated with a healthy dolphin, there was an explanation behind it. So there just. It wasn't a lot of noise like there are in people. So that's metabolomics. It's just like a really fancy, detailed blood panel. 

12:04
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Okay, very good. Because I want people to understand what you're doing and why this is so profound, what you discovered. And then fatty acids. Most everybody who's listening has heard of omega 3 fatty acids and maybe even omega 6 or omega 9. What is the C15:0 and how does this fit in? And I think it's relevant to mention it's the first discovered essential fatty acid in like 90 years. 

12:26
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
That's right. So. Right. And that was a Whole nother exciting discovery. So we talk about fatty acids. Like you said, most people have heard of fatty acids. They play a really important role, multiple roles. Fatty acids in general make up our cell membrane. And that helps determine, you know, how our cell membrane works with signaling, with strength, res, flexibility. And so they play a lot of roles we're used to and we, and now most people know there are different types of fatty acids and we usually think about them as unsaturated, including polyunsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids. So the polyunsaturated fatty acids like omega 3s, omega 6s, those fit in that category and they're called that because if we nerd out on chemistry, the chemical structure a little bit that these are fatty ac that are connected. 

13:21
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
It's a bunch of carbons connected by bonds. And if they have a double bond between the two carbons, that automatically makes it an unsaturated fatty acid. If they have multiple double bonds, then it's a poly unsaturated fatty acids. And these are great. We need polyunsaturated fatty acids. We need our omega 3s. And think about every double bond as a hinge. So it serves as a way for the molecule to bend. And that's why it's, it provides flexibility, is why they're oils at room temperature. These are flexible fatty acids. In contrast, saturated fats have no double bonds. So they're only single bonds. And that makes them very stable, one might say resilient. So there's helps and so they go into the cell membrane and they help make it more stable. And that's where we learned that C15:0 as an autochain saturated fat. 

14:14
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
So no double bonds and has an odd number of carbons, C15:0, that this ended up being the Goldilocks fatty acid saturated fat that was, had provided stability and was anti inflammatory and had all these benefits. Unlike even chain saturated fats like C14, C16, C18, those are do the opposite. They're pro inflammatory. So it's amazing that nature can make one difference, make such a difference with just one carbon. That's where we then tested multiple fatty acids. We did eight studies over three years with Dr. Ed Dennis, a leader in fatty acids. He was the editor in chief for the Journal of lipid research for 15 years. We worked with Ed, with Dr. 

15:01
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Dennis and we published a paper in scientific reports in 2020 where we showed C15 was not only a beneficial saturated fat, but that it met this rare criteria being the first essential fatty acid to be discovered in over 90 years, a molecule, a nutrient that we must have to maintain our baseline health but our bodies can't make enough of, which means we have to get a certain amount from our diet. 

15:27
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Yeah, so that's, I want to focus on that because this is so profound. And then I want to talk about, because in my clinical practice we have a lot of food allergies, we have a lot of sensitivity, so a lot of people are not eating gluten or dairy. And for me that was also a profound insight because a lot of the source, there's many sources of C15:0, but a big one is butter and dairy. Right. And so I thought about, oh, no wonder this is a big deal because back when all of a sudden the fat free 70s and 80s came along and a lot of people stopped eating full fat dairy. 

15:55
Dr. Jill Carnahan
So maybe talk just a bit about like in humans, the sources where we might have gotten this, you know, 50 years ago and why today we're less likely to get it Right. 

16:05
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And so exactly like what you said, Dr. Jill. The, our primary source of C15:0 by far is dairy fat. And you know, I remember 1977, so I was five years old. And that's when, you know, we moved from whole fat milk to non fat milk and bleh. Right. And so, and that was when, you know, Congress came out. It's just so crazy thinking about like Congress came out with nutritional recommendations for all Americans. And it was driven for a good reason. There was a high amount of heart disease in men, older men dying from heart disease. And it was high, like a very high risk. So this was a very real problem. The problem was is that they jumped to high LDL cholesterol causes heart attacks and it's by eating saturated fats all. 

16:59
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And they put all saturated fats into one bucket, specifically in butter and whole dairy fat raises ldl which then gives you heart attacks. So they didn't only recommend that for men to decrease to avoid those foods. They said for all Americans, women and children. And that stuck for, you know, whatever reason. It's hard to get people to change their behaviors for whatever reason. Like were like eager to be like got it. 

17:25
Dr. Jill Carnahan
I remember that too. Like the fat free thing. And were all. And of course I was like a teenager. So fat free yogurt and fat free. And so but it was like replaced with of garbage. It was awful. 

17:35
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Then we had like tons of sugar. So it was like, you know, an experiment has been, you know, a 60 year experiment and now we're 50 year experiment and now we're, you know, finding that C15:0 because our primary source of C15:0 dairy fat, you know, population wide C15:0 levels have declined. And that's where, you know, as we explain, you know, in the book and it now over 100 peer reviewed studies on C15:0 far beyond us, right, Showing that, you know, supporting that if we, as we get lower C15:0 in our diet, that means less C15:0 in our cell membranes, that then the cells become more fragile. And as it become more fragile, it's actually causing a new form of cell death called ferroptosis, which is discovered by Columbia University researchers back in 2012. 

18:27
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
They discovered there's this whole new way that our cells were dying and it was caused by fragile fatty acids in our cell membrane. 10,000 papers written on ferroptosis since 2012 showing it increases our, you know, our accelerates our aging, increases the onset, progression and severity of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, fatty liver disease, cognitive decline. But nobody could explain where did it come from until we saw we reported the same condition in dolphins, ironically or coincidentally in 2012, the same year that proptosis was discovered at Columbia University. 

19:07
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Yeah, this is so fascinating because in clinical practice, a couple of things. First of all, for years, and especially with mold toxicity and chronic complex illness and these environmental toxic load and autoimmunity and all the things that I see, one of the core principles is healthy cellular membranes. Right? And this is exactly what you're talking about. And so we've always known, okay, this exchange of lipids, the right lipids really matters. And mostly what we've known is Omega 3s, but that can lead to many people I'm testing are too high in omega 3s, too low in arachidonic acid and too low in cholesterol. Because nutritionally, right. And this is so counter to the standard cardiovascular kind of stuff that has been out there because patients are like, oh my cholesterol so low. I'm like, yeah, you're malabsorbing your brain's gonna not function. 

19:50
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Because me cholesterol for hormones and brain. So this idea that these saturated fats are actually healthy is a new concept for a lot of people. But those of us who've been doing this are like, of course. It makes so much sense. Right. And I just have to say kudos to my dad, who's in his 70s, he love his full fat ice cream, cheese, milk. He is the only person so far I've tested that has a really robust level of C15:0. 

20:13
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
I love it. I. This is fantastic. Yeah, it's, it's. I know. And we do find that, because, you know, what happened in the 1990s, right, is that moms, all parents were, are told, even today, like as a child turns to take your child off of whole fat milk. And I HEAR Similar stories, Dr. Jill, of parents being like, yeah, I didn't, and I didn't pay attention to those recommendations. My cake got full fat milk. 

20:40
Dr. Jill Carnahan
And you know, and they're probably food tests better than like, I was low. And of course I've been on a no dairy, no gluten diet for decades. So I was like, oh, no wonder. So for me it was a big deal. So longevity in this, your book, we're going to talk about this and if anyone wants a copy, the longevity nutrient just came out. But I want to talk about what was so fascinating is there's seven requirements for like, what makes a great longevity supplement or nutrient or drug. And this C15:0 actually fits all their criteria. Do you want to start diving into that information? Sure. 

21:12
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And you know, it's you. Longevity is a really sexy word these days. And you know, a lot of supplements, you falling into those areas and to be honest, like, a lot of these supplements are tapping into various components of it. So there's, there's some grounding, right, for a lot of the supplements that are in the longevity space. We then, as we started seeing more and of the need for C15:0 really as a means to enable longevity in mammals. Right. And we talk about the cell membrane pacemaker theory of aging that came from A.J. Holbert in 2005. And he showed that the longer mammalian species lifespan was dictated on the stability of fatty acids in their cell membranes. They had lower lipid peroxidation and they live longer. So it explained how a dolphin and a human live longer than a mouse. 

22:06
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
So that was kind of a first thing, like, oh, strengthen cell membranes. Thanks. Evolution like you live longer. So in addition to that, we worked with Dr. Nicholas Schork and he's head of NIH's longevity consortium. He's been doing that for 15 years. And as Nick started seeing more and more data around C15:0, he's like, Steph, I bet C15:0 is a geroprotector, which is a molecule that helps to slow the rate at which we age biologically, and that helps to stave off and stem the chronic diseases that kill us. So he's like, and that's the holy grail of healthy aging. So worked With Nick and the seven criteria. And I'll run through them quickly. But the first is that the molecules should tap into the human longevity regulating pathway. 

22:55
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
We know that, for example, rapamycin inhibits mtor, metformin activates ampk, and by doing so it heads down the pathway that leads to longevity. We know that C15:0 activates AMPK and inhibits mtor. So it's already tapping into the heart of other longevity molecules. The molecule should target specific hallmarks of aging. And so we know that C15:0 addresses at least four and then some associative evidence of addressing six. But this includes lowering inflammation, inflammaging, helping with repairing mitochondria, helping with gut dysfunction, dysbiosis. So there's a lot of these components, again, that helps to slow aging at the cellular level, which then translates to the rest of us, to our bodies and time. The third is that there should be evidence that it slows the aging rate. And that's the tough one, right? To actually show that you're slowing aging rate. 

23:55
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
C15:0 has done that on multiple fronts. One is that it has been shown to, we know that it lowers red blood cell distribution with or rdw. And RDW has become a very popular biomarker and well studied biomarker of biological aging. We know that it stabilizes our red blood cells and by doing so it helps to lower rdw. So you can look for that in your patients. And there was a study that was done that looked at people, a cohort of people, it's ongoing, and it showed that people had higher C15:0 in their lipids, had a younger biological age than their chr neuronological age. So good support for that. The fourth is that there should be evidence that of clinically relevant benefits within months. So this isn't about taking a pill and crossing your fingers that you live longer. 

24:47
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
You know, he's like, did I get to 100 or not? That this was a really important one for Nick. And now we have multiple studies, including two clinical trials showing that by taking C15:0 you can raise your C15:0 levels, which we've known for a long time, but by doing so and getting up and over that threshold of nutritional deficiencies, of seeing improvement in liver enzymes, the gut microbiome, lower LDL cholesterol and improved red blood cell health. And this is within 12 weeks. And then the last is that there should be evidence that it prevents the onset of the diseases that kill us. 

25:24
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And that's where there's these huge robust meta analyses, prospective cohort studies following tens of thousands of people over a decade or more all repeatedly showing that people with higher C15:0 have a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, certain types of cancers like colorectal cancer and breast cancer, as well as fatty liver disease. And then the last two are kind of bonus ones, but really important. You need to be able to have access right, to this intervention for 50 years or more. And the last one is that it needs to be safe to be able to take. So that's where C15:0 was able to check out off all of these because it's again, an essential nutrient we're supposed to have and that what every baby gets from birth. 

26:11
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
So this is really a molecule we're supposed to have, which is why it checks off all the boxes. 

26:16
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Hey guys, just taking a quick moment to remind you. If you want to check out fatty15 for yourself, go to fatty15.com and backslash JillCarnahan. You can get 20% off your first order. Check it out fatty15.com backslash JillCarnahan to get 20 off your first order. You don't want to miss this. I'm on this. It has been a game changer. So check it out. And while you're at it, be sure and subscribe. Hit the bell to hear future episodes and stay tuned as we bring out new episodes every week. Okay, back to our show. Right. It makes so much sense because like I said, we've been looking at and I test lipid peroxides in the blood of my patients almost every day. And that is basically this marker of oxidative stress, right? 

26:59
Dr. Jill Carnahan
And so you see, and when that happens, of course, just like the whole cholesterol story, I always say cholesterol is innocent. It is neutral. If you have a throw a hammer through your wall and you have a hole, the spackling on the like endothelium, the lining, it just goes and tries to fix the hole. It's not bad in and of itself. But when we throw in this oxidative stress in our toxic environment or fast food diets or psychological stressors, then that oxidative stress or lipid peroxides causes inflammation to the cholesterol, which is the ldl. And then that's the problem. And again, this was the, you know, 20, 30 years ago when we got this story that cholesterol was bad. And I love talking about that because people sometimes are still surprised that cholesterol is not the bad guy. 

27:37
Dr. Jill Carnahan
It's the oxidation, which you're saying C15:0 protects our cells. And the membranes and the LDL and the red blood cells from oxidative stress. Right? 

27:47
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
That's right. I love that you test for lipid peroxidation because it is such an important measure for your immediate, you know, health status or disease status. And then. And it's relevant in the immediate state, but also for your longevity. So it's. It's. It's my favorite biomark. 

28:05
Dr. Jill Carnahan
You know what? Honestly, me too. I love that. 

28:08
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Okay. We're nerds. 

28:09
Dr. Jill Carnahan
We're total nerds. And it's also, again, where they were looking at, like, cardiovascular disease. It's all about this oxidative stress. And usually, in fact, I was just looking at studies with another doctor who's doing plasma exchange and showing reduced cardiovascular disease. And all they're doing is taking out the toxins that are creating oxygen of stress in the blood. Right. And I'm like, wow, that's helping heart disease. Which you and I understand why. But for the average person, they're like, how could an oil change help the heart? And of course, it makes sense. Why is this so? I mean, I see the toxic load, the reasons why we're having more oxidative stresses more than ever before. This is an essential nutrient. It's not new in that sense. It's just newly discovered. 

28:49
Dr. Jill Carnahan
But why would you say the person today needs this kind of a nutrient more than ever before, from your perspective? 

28:56
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, it's a great question. And I think it gets to the heart of a lot of work that you've been doing, Dr. Jill, is that, you know, we're finding. And again, in part, it's because it's. It's a chicken or egg thing. So as we get lower C15:0, some of the most fascinating work that's come out in the last year is really looking at the gut and showing that the gut lining is impaired. So we get leaky gut syndrome. Right. Because if, and in part, we at least know that if you put C15:0 back into, like, a mouse model of leaky gut syndrome, then the C15:0 helps to basically restore that gut lining, decreasing inflammation and preventing things from going across, regardless of what's causing it, whether it's C15:0 deficiency or exposure toxins and that are then compromising that gut lining. 

29:46
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
As soon as we have a compromised epithelial barrier, whether it's our gut, our skin, that's allowing things to get in, that's in our environment. Right. More than ever before. And as those toxins are making it into our system and in our blood, it becomes a lot harder to be able to fight off what's happening. So C15:0, you know, now more than ever before because of the exposure toxins with, you know, our leaky barriers, it's helping to protect each and every cell against the toxins that are making them in. With regard to lipid peroxidation. But it's also increasingly we're understanding, playing a role at stopping those toxins from being able to be absorbed in the first place. So, so much exciting work. And this is, you know, all done by different teams. 

30:35
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
It's been the most rewarding seeing other people around the world working on it. We had three groups just this last year retest challenge our definition of C15:0 as an essential fatty acid. And they all came back from France, Canada and China, did their own gold standard studies and said, yeah, no, it meets the criteria, essential fatty acids. So thrilled that this is getting out. 

31:01
Dr. Jill Carnahan
I would, I would agree. And again, I, I started the show just talking about, like, this might be the biggest discovery of the decade. I mean, really, this is a big deal. If you're out there listening like, okay, Dr. Joe, one more. Worth it. This is a really big deal. And, and I see it happening and what you just described in Functional Realm, when I'm teaching on the gut, we're talking about leaky gut, leaky brain, leaky mitochondria. And, and what you're saying is this molecule helps to stabilize all the leakiness that is happening from inflammation, toxic load. And I always frame it as toxic load, infectious burden. And these two come together to create immune dysfunction, inflammation. 

31:35
Dr. Jill Carnahan
And at the core, often it's those two players driving immune dysfunction and inflammation and then driving leaky membranes of the cells, which is all the talk of leaky gut, leaky brain, leaky mitochondria, name it leaky skin. And so this is a molecule that can stabilize that leakiness to prevent the translocation of molecules that could harm our bodies in the blood and create oxidative stress. Right? 

31:58
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, exactly. And that's. You're spot on. And what's, you know, important is that, you know, where a lot of this we saw again, is because we're seeing it in people. We, you know, we're able to, we and others have been able to prove it out in the lab. But also it gets back to like, were seeing it in the dolphins. I mean, the dolphins, they were getting their C15:0 from specific types of fish. So obviously they don't eat ice cream, but they were getting their C15:0 from the skin and the heads of specific types of fish. And at the same time were moving away from whole fat dairy that they were getting. Initially we're getting a really fatty fish called Yulican. But that fishery died. And so the Navy dolphins started getting low fat, basically low C15:0 fish. 

32:41
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
At the same time were moving to low fat milk. And so again, serendipity in the way that this experiment was happening at the same time in two different populations and we saw the same diseases pop up and importantly, able to, you know, nutritional deficiencies, disease are fixable. We've been able to do that with the dolphins. And so now being able to move over and you know, do what we can in many ways, like let's look at agricultural practices, let's look at what recommendations kids are getting. And then the development of a, you know, a pure bioavailable, vegan friendly supplement came from a request by the Navy. The Navy said, hey, staff and team and Eric, my Navy physician husband, can we, can you develop a pure C15:0 ingredient so that we can get around all the limitations that come from food? 

33:35
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
But the supplement is really meant to be a supplement which, it's supplementing the needs, but it's not the cure. All right. It's about what we need to do as, you know, population wide throughout the world in the food supply to help fix this problem. 

33:49
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Well, let's talk about that a little because there are some foods we can eat and get this. So let's talk about the foods and kind of the top sources and then let's talk about how did you develop the fatty 15 supplement, where is it from and like doses and kinds of things like that. 

34:03
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah. So the primary source again from C15:0 is dairy fat. It was actually C15:0 has been used for decades as a biomarker of how much dairy fat people eat. So that's how. 

34:16
Dr. Jill Carnahan
There's my dad. 

34:18
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
That's your dad. And so the average person today has about 0.2 of C15:0 of total fatty acids in their blood. Even more reliable is the concentration. But a lot of tests don't include that. But that would be like 5 micrograms per mil for most tests. But if you go by that 0.2%, most of the world today is at that level. That's just because it's in the nor in the middle doesn't mean that it's healthy. So we've learned you're right on the kind of the edge of C15:0 deficiency syndrome, of cellular fragility syndrome. With that point too. So when we go to Sardinia, right, the high longevity zone in Sardinia, where both men and women are increasingly more likely to live to 100, they have C15:0 levels that are two to three times higher than the rest of the world. 

35:11
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And they don't have supplements, they don't have fatty 15 there. So they get there. They are able to achieve those levels by through. They have goats and sheep that are locally local herds. They live in a mountainous region and they feed on that mountainous grass. When we look at the studies from different areas, we know that cows, sheep and goats fed grass have twice as much C15:0 in their milk fat than if they were fed corn or grain. And if a ruminant is fed at a high altitude grass, their C15:0 is even higher. So in Sardinia they've replaced a lot of meat with cheese. So they routinely eat cheese from the perfect combination of local grass fed mountainous animals. So they, that's how they're getting there. So it's possible. 

36:06
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Wow, that's so fascinating. And there's a few minor sources as well. Right. But so mostly dairy fat and again, good quality. That's also part of the problem and is it's hard to get organic, really clean, good, you know, hormone free dairy. 

36:20
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah. And you make it, you're making a good point that not only, you know, is grass fed what you want to choose from a dairy source, but there was a study showing that women who chose organic foods had higher C15:0 levels than those who didn't. They couldn't explain why. But again, it's talking about high quality foods. We can get some from fish. Salmon has some C15:0 in it. And if we eat fiber feeds microbes in our gut that then can use inulin and fiber to help make. 

36:55
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Some C15:0 levels can produce a small amount of it. 

37:00
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah. So not enough to get us up and over, but I mean we'll take everything we can get, so. And yet another reason. I know that there's a lot of discussions around fiber these days, but boy, I mean fiber, it's. For me it's yet another reason of how fiber can be useful is it helps with C15:0 production. So fiber, high quality dairy, specifically from grass fed. I don't think we can choose mountainous grass fed animals. And then for people who. And then to then get above and beyond. That was then the reason for that the supplement development. 

37:36
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Okay, well that makes sense too because the short chain fatty acids which are produced by our microbiome are so crucial to inflammation and butyric acid is one which is primary source is butter. And I wonder how that's so our microbiome by feeding on fiber can produce C15:0 kind of like it produces short chain fatty acids. 

37:54
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, it's pretty, pretty neat. 

37:57
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Yeah, very cool. But again we probably need. So then you develop fatty 15 and what, where is that sourced from? How did you develop that? And what kind of dose would people want to start on if they're deficient? 

38:08
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Right. So we said so the challenge from the Navy was can you develop a C15:0 supplement that's better than what we can get from food? So that was the challenge and which we accepted. So in order to do that we said we're going to make a basically a pharma grade, so a pure C15:0 molecule that is vegan friendly so we can get away from allergies and animal based products. So we basically Simply we take C14 which is readily available in plants and it's in a pure C15:0 form, C14 form. We add a carbon and so it's exactly the same except for like in food, C15:0 is attached to triacylglycerides which we can absorb. So we have to use digestive enzymes to pluck it off and then absorb it. This is like oh well we can just make the free fatty acid warm. 

38:59
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And that's pure and bioavailable, 100% bioavailable. And so that was. And then without having to compete with, you know, if we look at milk fat, 1% is C15:0. Over 40% of fatty acids in milk fat are these pro inflammatory fats. So when they compete with each other, studies have shown at least in mice that if they eat a high fat diet they actually have lower C15:0 levels because it's just like the little C15:0 can't compete with the kind of the bully fatty acids in there. So we said okay, maybe we're going to have it by itself. No bullies, bioavailable. And it's the exact same molecule that's used in all these studies I've talked about are it's the exact same molecule so that helps it work. And so people have been really happy with, with the supplement. 

39:51
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Yeah, I'm on it. I mean I just don't mind saying that like I said, so testing I, I use Genova Neutroval and Genova Omega Profile. It does do this, do commercial labs have. I know there's like an Omega check with Quest Labs but I don't recall if I've seen C15:0 on there. What are commercially available options if people want to check their labs? 

40:10
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, you hit on the one that's readily available. There's even for. And again we actually recommend people go to their Doctors like you, Dr. Jill and go get your Nutrival panel from Genova. We also haven't worked with Genova for an at home blood spot test for people who don't have access to wonderful functional docs like yourself. But it's better to go get or blood taken with a doc physician and get your test done that way. There are increasingly C15:0's being included in fatty acid panels. But you have to ask your doctor to make sure that C15:0 is in there. Another piece of serendipity and luck was that had we done this study in dolphins three years earlier, the first study we did was just with fatty acids before we did the metabolomics work. 

40:58
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And because again we thought it was going to be omega threes would be predictive. Had we done that study three years earlier, that panel would not have included C15:0 on it and we would have never made this discovery. So, so there means it's still, we're still getting there. So ask your doctor, make sure they have C15:0. 

41:17
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Okay. I love that because that's what I, I'm pretty sure the commercially available one does not. And I'm always like, I don't think it does. Right. 

41:24
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
We need to put some pressure. Right. 

41:27
Dr. Jill Carnahan
I'm going to be making some calls. Love that. And then like you said, I just started ordering if you don't want the full. So the Nutri Val includes metals and all kinds of nutrient stuff. It's a great panel. I really like it. But there is a smaller version that's just the omegas and I suppose now it's at home or patients can do it. Like a blood spot, right? 

41:47
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
That's right. 

41:47
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Okay. 

41:48
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah. 

41:48
Dr. Jill Carnahan
If you're listening, we'll include links to all the stuff we talk about here so you can check the show notes for that link or whatever. So obviously you guys just published this book. You published this amazing book. It's. I read it over the weekend. Really, really read when you want to know all the. And like I said, I loved the fact that this really checks all the boxes because as I had been reading and then starting to look at it was really interesting. But it really is a game changer. You had this amazing story and I just love that too. But if you go back to your younger self and like how amazing is this your life and what you've like happened upon. And what would you tell your younger self back in the day? 

42:26
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Did you have any idea of all that would happen and in this last couple decades? 

42:31
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
No. And, and I think, like, a lot of people know if they've, you know, they've heard me talk before. Like, I, you know, Dr. Jill, I don't even know how to swim. So I would not never, ever have predicted that I would be working with dolphins at the Navy, let alone the Discovery. And so I do hope, like, with regard to, you know, the longevity. We talk about longevity, you know, from a medical perspective. And we also talk about, like, the why, like why. Why do we want to live longer? And it's, you know, we want to be healthy as long as possible so we could have more time to do the things we love doing and to have a purpose. Right. And to fulfill it. 

43:08
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
And so I think with my story, I hope that it's an inspiration to others that sometimes that purpose lands in your lap. Right. And you just got it. You need to follow life where it takes you and take those opportunities. Like, for me, I thought I was just going to go to San Diego for a couple of years and play with dolphins and, you know, it's life is, is funny in which it shows you whole new avenues. And when you go chase them, pursue them, and you find something worth fighting for, please do so. Because it definitely has given me lots of purpose and so grateful for the Navy and the dolphins. 

43:45
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Yeah. I mean, that's one of the reasons I couldn't wait to talk to you and have you on the show because I sense in the book and who you are, what I' we haven't met in person, but your energy is so genuine and authentic and I really love that because even for me, if I share something, I hope it always comes from a place of like, I really believe in this. It is like what drives me to get up every morning and help patients on that. And I see that in you too. And I just thank you for bringing that generosity and openness because often it does start with the curiosity and you go in and this thing happens. But it takes a special person to be in that place, in that time and follow it. 

44:20
Dr. Jill Carnahan
And I'm sure this has not always been easy. I mean, the amount of work that's gone into this is profound. So thank you for being that person. Has followed it the whole way and brought, I mean, it really is a game changer. 

44:35
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Oh, well, thank you so much, Dr. Jill. And we're so appreciative. It's one thing, you know, to be able to work with dolphins, make the discovery and get the science out, but then really where it translates is where it's with you know. And so it's when you work with physicians, are working with their patients and we can actually put it to work and have it mean something. And so thank you for all of the work you're doing as it. As C15:0 takes on this next exciting phase. 

45:01
Dr. Jill Carnahan
Yeah, well, I'm delighted to support you. And if you want to get a copy of the book or want to find more about it, of course we'll have links below and I'll have a discount for you. But where can people find more about you? The story Fatty 50s 15. 

45:12
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Yeah, so the book available wherever books are sold. And so which is great. And then with for me, find me on LinkedIn. Yeah, healthcare professionals, I'm there. And then fatty15 obviously@fattty15.com, but work through Dr. Jill. We really encourage, like you said, you'll have a link there. And then for healthcare providers, as you know, we have a great healthcare provider program. Program and so you can find that through fatty15.com the clinic on the clinics page. So real excited. We have a growing community, the movement is on and we're ready. Like I say, at the end of the TED talk in the book, you save the dolphins, save the world. 

45:54
Dr. Jill Carnahan
I love it. Oh, gosh. Well, thank you again for your heart, your purpose and meaning and just for bringing this to the world. You're a beautiful human and it's delightful to get to know you better. 

46:03
Dr. Stephanie Venn-Watson
Oh, thank you Dr. Jill. This has been such a joy. 

46:06
Dr. Jill Carnahan
You're welcome you guys. Just taking a quick moment to remind you, if you want to check out fatty15 for yourself, go to fatty5.com and backslash Jill Carnahan. You can get 20% off your first order. Check it out. Fatty5.com Jill Carnahan to get 20% off your first order. You don't want to miss this. I'm on this. It has been a game changer. Danger. Hey guys, as you can tell, I love the science behind fatty 15. I've such a believer when I first heard about it, heard the story and really realized the power it has to affect all of my patients who are experiencing aging and want to experience more longevity. It's really been a game changer. And as I already mentioned, if you haven't got the book, check out the longevity nutrient. 

46:51
Dr. Jill Carnahan
You can read all about it here and find that more information on fatty15.com if you guys want the discount I mentioned special for our listeners, go to fatty15.com backslash Jill Carnahan Get 20 off your first order. Fatty15 I am on this. It's a game changer. Check it out. Thanks again for joining us today for another episode of Resiliency Radio. As you know, you can find transcripts and past episodes@jillcarnian.com you can listen on any place you listen to podcasts, Spotify, itunes, etc. If you do, please leave us a review there. If you like these episodes and if you're listening on YouTube, if you haven't yet subscribed, hit the subscribe button, hit the bell to be notified of future episodes and I will see you again next week for another episode of Resiliency Radio.